Comprehensive quality assessment of 296 sweetpotato core germplasm in China: A quantitative and qualitative analysis.

Abstract

The potential for improving sweetpotato quality remains underutilized due to a lack of comprehensive quality data on germplasm resources. This study evaluated 296 core germplasms, revealing significant phenotypic diversity across 24 quality traits in both stem tips and roots. Landraces had higher sugar content in roots, while wild relatives showed increased total flavonoid and phenol contents. Accessions with red-orange flesh were rich in sugars and carotenoids, whereas those with purple flesh had higher dry matter, flavonoids, and phenols. The accessions were classified into three clusters: high sugars and carotenoids, high phenolic compounds, and high starch. A comprehensive quality scoring model identified SP286 and SP192 as superior for stem tips and roots, respectively. Near-infrared spectroscopy, combined with a random forest algorithm, enabled rapid screening of superior germplasm, achieving prediction accuracies of 97 % for stem tips and 98 % for roots. These findings offer valuable resources and high-throughput models for enhancing sweetpotato quality.

Code and data availability

The paper reports sweetpotato quality trait measurements, NIRS spectral data, and RF models, but provides no public deposit or URL for any dataset, spectra, or code. The only availability statement is 'Data will be made available on request.' The CNKI links in the references belong to cited prior work, not this paper's

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